Many investment products consider environmental, social and governance (ESG) ratings, either at the initial construction phase or as part of the ongoing management process. But what are the investment implications of using ESG ratings?
Costs play a crucial role in investor success. As our latest research shows, for most investors, their best chance of maximising returns over the long term lies in minimising their costs - by investing in low-cost index funds and ETFs that track their market benchmarks.
Andreas Zingg, Vanguard’s head of multi-asset solutions in Europe, asks whether the higher costs of multi-asset funds and ETFs are providing good value to investors.